Medical schools of Кharkov: origin and legal of inheritance issues

Abstract

The research activities o the medical science of Imperior Kharkiv University were considered. The aim of the work is analysis of scientific schools founded during the years of the university's existence. Medical science revived, which on the basis of a thorough educational environment in the second half of the ХІХ and was represented by powerful scientific schools. Thanks to the use of special research methods, it was possible to establish and characterize the process of formation and development of anatomical, obstetric and gynecological, therapeutic, surgical and other schools. The study proves that they have pioneered the implementation of many innovations. I. Lazarevich created obstetric forceps, and M. Tolochinov proposed his own way to stop uterine bleeding. For the first time in the Soviet Union, V. Gryshchenko began to study immunological infertility and performed successful in vitro fertilization. Anatomist V. Vorobyov founded a whole line of research – stereomorphology, improved the method of embalming the human body. Together with R. Synelnykov he published an anatomical atlas, which is still a table book for medical students. Representatives of the histological school opened «Kulchytsky's cells», named after the Kharkiv scientist. The endocrinology school was powerful, and its representative V. Kogan-Yasny was the first to receive insulin in the laboratory and use it in clinical practice. The study notes that the development of medical research schools in Kharkiv dates back almost two hundred years. During this time, the flagship of education and science was the Imperial Kharkiv University, later the Kharkiv Medical Institute, later – the state, and now the Kharkiv National Medical University. This once again demonstrates the inextricable link between medical education, science and practice, and the leading link for the training of medical personnel is the current medical university – the successor of ancient traditions.