Діяльність українських військово-історичних музеїв в умовах тоталітарного режиму

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15421/272028

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the historical content of the activities of Ukrainian military history museums under the totalitarian regime at the turn of the 20–90s of the twentieth century. The research methodology was built on the basis of the use of a set of principles and methods of cognition, the application of which was based on interdisciplinary approaches to the disclosure of the purpose of the study. The basic methods of historical cognition were historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological and historical-systemic, on the basis of which the scientific and source base of the article was developed. Scientific novelty: on the basis of a wide range of published and unpublished archival documents, a number of factors of political, socio-economic and legal nature of the functioning of military history museums in Ukraine within certain chronological limits have been studied. The activity of military-historical museums on the territory of Ukraine in 1920–1990 has been studied. Conclusions. The totalitarian regime distorted the main content of the military-historical museum as a scientific and educational institution, leveled its research potential, unique monuments of the national military-historical heritage were removed from the military museum funds, schematism and vulgar sociologism prevailed in the exposition work. The political repressions of the communist regime had a detrimental effect on the state of military museum affairs in Ukraine during this period. The main task of military history museums was to cover and promote the leading role of the CPSU, the history of the Soviet army and navy, the Soviet way of life, the achievements of socialist construction, the formation of a new type of man – the builder of communism, the principles of proletarian internationalism. Analyzing the state of military museum in the USSR in 1920–1990’s, we note the contradictory nature of its development. In the conditions of formal demo-kratization of the political system with simultaneous intensification of repressive oppression military-historical museums was given the role of ideological institutions. Their activity was tightly controlled and regulated by directives of higher authorities of state power, which deepened the strain in the process of forming the museum as a public organism, destroyed its essence, gave away from it the public.

Published

2021-01-13