The latest historical-anthropological studies as the modern philosophy of history

Authors

  • S. Aytov Dnipro National University of Railway Transport named after Academician V. Lazaryan, Ukraine, Dnipro

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15421/272018

Abstract

The latest of studies in historical anthropology show the theoretical essence of modern philosophy of history. It is realized through such cognitive planes of comprehension by historicalanthropological explorations of the content and significance of multifaceted historical dynamics as «history of mentalities», «micro-history», «women’s history», «new cultural history», «identity history», «memory history», history of mental aspects of political processes.

The essence of the philosophical-historical basis of studies on the «history of mentalities» is to understand the psychological and cultural impact on the societies of the past of magical ideas, legends and beliefs and their role in social development. It is also manifested in the analysis of societal perceptions of different historical epochs of the phenomenon of childhood and their attitude to children.

Scientific research on «microhistory» is divided into exploratiov of the life of individuals, families and histories of local communities, that existed and operated in different times of the past. They include the reconstruction and understanding of the importance of large families in the socio-cultural development of past eras.

The latest historical-anthropological studies on the «history of women» form three theoretical subdirections. According to them, there is an analysis of the socio-cultural peculiarities of matrimonial relations in past eras, the study of the role of women in social-economical development of society, general experiments focused on understanding various mental aspects of women’s participation in historical dynamics.

Researches in the field of «new cultural history» study the psychological and cultural horizon of historical and cultural processes and their impact on the dynamics of societies of the past. Analysis of the range of scientific problems associated with the reconstruction and understanding of ideas about their own social-cultural characteristics of various social groups and societies of past eras formes the basis of the direction of «identity history» of the latest historicalanthropological studies.

Studies in the problem field of «memory history» is implemented at three cognitive levels. At the microlevel there is an analysis of the memory of the past of individuals and small communities. At the mesolevel, the study of material objects, which act as symbols of historical events and generate and maintain the memory of them in certain societies. At the megalevel, studies of the directions of functioning of historical memory and its components (cultural myths) and their influence on the dynamics of «local civilizations» are realized.

Scientific researches of the history of mental aspects of political processes comprehends the influence of society’s vision of political processes and their emotional perception on the features and development of the politics of the past. The latest studies of historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history significantly contribute to the understanding of mental and cultural causes and factors of the dynamics of the past, reconstruction and relevant analysis of the human dimension of complex historical processes.

Published

2020-12-16